vi命令速查表
Posted Jul 1st, 2008 by askievi命令如何常用，放于此以备查。
% vi file
:
Last line mode —-> Command mode —-> Insert mode
<—- <—-
(auto) Esc
Last line mode:
/exp Go forward to exp
?exp Go backward to exp
:w Write buffer to disk
:w newfile Write buffer to newfile
:w! file Write Absolutely
:q Quit editor
:q! Quit,discarding buffer
:wq Write buffer and quit
Write if needed & quit
:f Edit & file status
:r Read file into buffer
:r file Read named file in
:e (Re)edit file
:e! (Re)edit,discard file in
:e file Edit nameed file
:3,8d Delete lines 3-8
:4,9m 12 Move lines 4-9 to 12
:2,5t 13 Copy lines 2-5 to 13
:5,9w file Write lines 5-9 to file
:s/old/new/ Current line,sub first “old” w/ “new”
:s/old/new/g Current line,sub each “old” w/ “new”
:3,9s/old/new Lines 3-9,sub first “old” w/ “new”
:%s/old/new All lines,sub first “old” w/ “new”
:%s/old/new/g All lines,sub each “old” w/ “new”
:s/pat./new A . matches any charcter
:s/pat*/new A * matches 0 or more “t”s
:s/pa[0-9aeioA-Z]/new selection set or range
:s/pa[^aeiou]/new match any non-vowel
:s/^pat/new anchor “par” to beginning of line
:s/pats/new anchor “par” to end of line
:s/old/& and new/ restoe matched pattern on sub
:%s/./ &/ indenta whoie file
:set nu Display line numbers
:set nonu Turn off option
:set all Show all settings
:set list Try to display invisible chars
:set wm=5 Wrap lines 5 sp from R margin
Command mode:
<- | ->
hljk Cursor movement
G Goto last file line
3G Goto line 3
0 Goto line start
$ Goto line end
% Goto matching brace/paren
H Goto screen top
M Goto screen middle
L Goto screen bottom
w Go forward 1 word
3w Go forward 3 word
b Go back 1 word
3b Go back 3 word
n Repeat previous search
N Reverse previous search
x Delete one character
dw Delete one word
dd Delete one line
D Delete to end of line
d0 Delete to beginning of line
dG Delete to end of file
4dd Delete 4 lines
u Undo last change
. Do last chang
Y Yank a copy of a line
5Y Yank a copy of 5 lines
P Put below cursor
p Put above cursor
J Join next line to current
4J Join 4 lines to current
>> Shift a line right
3>> Shift 3 lines right
^d 1/2 scroll forward
^u 1/2 scroll backwards
^f Scroll forward
^b Scroll backwards
n Repeat previous search
N Reverse previous search
ZZ Write if needed & quit vi
Insert mode:
a Append after cursor
A Append at line end
cw Change a word
3cw Change 3 words
C Change line
i Insert before cursor
5i Insert at 5 times
I Insert at beginning of line
o Open a linebelow cursor
O Open a line above cursor
r Replace one character
R Replace/type-cver a line
s Substitute a character
S Substitue a line
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中文关键字：dd命令 Scp命令 vi 文本编辑器 命令 查表 line file new lines Delete old Write Goto cursor to forward Insert buffer mode word previous search beginning character
二、邮件发送远程备份
首先安装上面下载的文件，然后做下面的配置
vi /etc/Muttrc
set sendmail=”/usr/bin/msmtp -a your_account”
set realname=”your_email”
set use_from=yes
set editor=”vim”
MSMTP
创建user_home/.msmtprc和 user_home/.msmtp.log,分别为配置和日志文件。
vi msmtprc
account default
host smtp.domain.com
from your_email_address
tls on
auth on
user user_name@domain.com
password your_password
account default : dominic
由于password是明码，所以我们需要修改此文件的权限。
chmod 600 .msmtprc
到这里，你可以使用mutt来发送邮件了，我们测试一下。
echo “test” |mutt -s “my_first_test” anyone@163.com -c anytwo@163.com
-s “subject”
-c “carbon-copy”
观察.msmtp.log文件，如果有错会在日志文件中被报告出来，当然，成功发送的日志也会出现在此日志文件内。
编写如下脚本
#vi autoBakMysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
#Auto DB Backup shell
#Powered by leo
DBName=mysql
DBUser=root
DBPasswd=
BackupPath=/root/
LogFile=/root/db.log
DBPath=/var/lib/mysql/
#BackupMethod=mysqldump
#BackupMethod=mysqlhotcopy
#BackupMethod=tar
#Setting End
NewFile=”$BackupPath”db$(date +%y%m%d).tgz
DumpFile=”$BackupPath”db$(date +%y%m%d)
OldFile=”$BackupPath”db$(date +%y%m%d –date=’5 days ago’).tgz
echo “——————————————-” >;>; $LogFile
echo $(date +”%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”) >;>; $LogFile
echo “————————–” >;>; $LogFile
#Delete Old File
if [ -f $OldFile ]
then
rm -f $OldFile >;>; $LogFile 2>;&1
echo “[$OldFile]Delete Old File Success!” >;>; $LogFile
else
echo “[$OldFile]No Old Backup File!” >;>; $LogFile
fi
if [ -f $NewFile ]
then
echo “[$NewFile]The Backup File is exists,Can’t Backup!” >;>; $LogFile
else
case $BackupMethod in
mysqldump)
if [ -z $DBPasswd ]
then
mysqldump -u $DBUser –opt $DBName >; $DumpFile
else
mysqldump -u $DBUser -p$DBPasswd –opt $DBName >; $DumpFile
fi
tar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >;>; $LogFile 2>;&1
echo “[$NewFile]Backup Success!” >;>; $LogFile
rm -rf $DumpFile
;;
mysqlhotcopy)
rm -rf $DumpFile
mkdir $DumpFile
if [ -z $DBPasswd ]
then
mysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser $DBName $DumpFile >;>; $LogFile 2>;&1
else
mysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser -p $DBPasswd $DBName $DumpFile >;>;$LogFile 2>;&1
fi
tar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >;>; $LogFile 2>;&1
echo “[$NewFile]Backup Success!” >;>; $LogFile
rm -rf $DumpFile
;;
*)
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop >;/dev/null 2>;&1
tar czvf $NewFile $DBPath$DBName >;>; $LogFile 2>;&1
/etc/init.d/mysqld start >;/dev/null 2>;&1
echo “[$NewFile]Backup Success!” >;>; $LogFile
;;
esac
fi
echo “——————————————-” >;>; $LogFile
echo “start email backup file”
echo “test” |mutt -s “mysql_backup_file” anyone@163.com -c anytwo@163.com -s $DumpFile
echo “#################### send success! ##################” >;>; $LogFile
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